Background: Pruritus is a distressing symptom of cholestatic, inflammatory,and malignant liver diseases. It is a common symptom in many biliary andcholestatic disorders such as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Several mechanisms are generally accepted as possible explanations to the underlying basis of itch.However, the exact pathophysiology of pruritus in liver diseases remains unclear.The cutaneous and central neurobiology of pruritus is complex ... Read more

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is defined as the use of oxygen under pressure to increase oxygen levels in different tissues. Nowadays, HBOT is recommended as single therapy or in combination with other medical treatments like surgery or medicine for specific diseases. HBOT has a number of applications in emergency situations such carbon monoxide poisoning, envenomation from spider and snake bites, ... Read more

Background Psoriasis is a common and complex multifactorial disease, in which both genetic and extrinsic factors contribute to activating an immunological reaction. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of Egyptian psoriatic patients in Sohag, Upper Egypt. Patients and methods This study was a cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted on 200 Egyptian psoriatic patients. All the ... Read more

Erectile dysfunction (ED) has many definitions, one of these accepted definition that the male is unable to initiate and/or preserve an erection for ideal sexual intercourse satisfying for both partners. There are many lines for ED treatment, oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) represent the corner stone for ED treatment. Intra cavernous injections, vacuum constriction device & surgical implantation of ... Read more

Different modalities are used for treatment of common warts, but none of them had been proved to be the best in achieving complete cure. We aim to compare the effect of cryotherapy, intralesional injection of tuberculin PPD and cryotherapy combined with intralesional injection of tuberculin PPD in the treatment of multiple common warts. This study is a randomized clinical trial ... Read more

Abstract Background:Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that not fully understood till now. Many treatment options has been implicated. Omentin 1 is anew marker implicated in many diseases. Objectives:To show association betweenserum level of Omentin-1 in psoriatic patients and its correlation with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score before and after treatment with narrow band ultraviolet B phototherapy ... Read more

Alopecia areata is the most prevalent autoimmune disorder which causes non-scarring hair loss. It may increase the anxiety of patients and increase their chances of developing psychological and psychiatric disorders. There are two proposed theories for the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. The most evidence-based hypothesis is an autoimmune reaction caused by the collapse of hair follicle immune privilege, Immune privilege ... Read more

To verify and compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of superficial cryotherapy using dimethyl ether and propane (DMEP) mixture vs. microneedling in the treatment of mild scalp alopecia areata (AA). In a prospective randomized single-blinded clinical trial, 80 patients with clinically evident scalp mild AA were randomly assigned into two groups of 40 patients each. Group (1) was treated by ... Read more

Vitiligo is an acquired skin disorder that is characterized by a gradual loss of skin pigmentation when melanocytes, the skin's pigment-producing cellsis lost. Pathogenicmechanisms are not well understood. Genetic, abnormal biochemical pathways, autoimmune, melanocyte adhesion deficits and nervous system imbalances are among the pathogenic triggers. Vitiligo lesions have also been shown to have macrophage infiltration.Macrophagemigration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a ... Read more

Abstract: Alopecia areata is a common cause of nonscarring alopecia, with patchy, confluent, or diffuse patterns, involving mainly the scalp and other hairy areas of the body. It's considered a therapeutic challenge due to prognosis, unpredictable course, and variable efficacy of available therapies. Several studies have evaluated the efficacy of cryotherapy in the treatment of alopecia areata with varying success ... Read more