We analyze the dynamics of squeezing in a ballistic quantum wire with Rashba spin-orbit interaction in the presence of both strong and weak magnetic fields and for different initial states of the system. Compared to the more standard measure of squeezing based on variances, we show that entropy squeezing is a more sensitive measure. Our results show that there is ... إقراء المزيد

This paper obtains bright, dark, singular and other combo optical soliton solutions to perturbed Kaup–Newell equation. Two strategic integration schemes are fruitfully applied to obtain these solutions. These solitons appear with constraint conditions on the soliton parameters that are also presented. إقراء المزيد

We investigate the problem of reflection and refraction of thermoelastic waves at a magnetized solid-liquid interface in presence of initial stress. In the context of Green-Lindsay and coupled thermoelastic theories of thermoelasticity, the problem has been solved and the effect of magnetic field, external heat sources, and initial stress on p-, T-, and SV-waves propagation have been discussed. The boundary ... إقراء المزيد

This paper reveals dark and singular optical solitons, as well as their combinations thereof, of the perturbed Kundu–Eckhaus equation. Two integration methodologies are adopted here. The existence criteria for these solitons are also presented. إقراء المزيد

An atom with only two energy eigenvalues is described by a two-dimensional state space spanned by the two energy eigenstates is called a two-level atom. We consider the interaction between a two-level atom system with a constant velocity. An analytic solution of the systems which interacts with a quantized field is provided. Furthermore, the significant effect of the temperature on ... إقراء المزيد

Quantum computers require quantum processors. An important part of the processor of any computer is the arithmetic unit, which performs binary addition, subtraction, division and multiplication, however multiplication can be performed using repeated addition, while division can be performed using repeated subtraction. In this paper we present two designs using the reversible R3 gate to perform the quantum half adder/subtractor ... إقراء المزيد

Let i≥2">i≥2i≥2, Δ≥0">Δ≥0Δ≥0, 1≤a≤b−Δ">1≤a≤b−Δ1≤a≤b−Δ, n>(a+b)(ib+2m−2)a+n′">n>(a+b)(ib+2m−2)a+n′n>(a+b)(ib+2m−2)a+n′ and δ(G)≥b2a+n′+2m">δ(G)≥b2a+n′+2mδ(G)≥b2a+n′+2m, and let g,f">g,fg,f be two integer-valued functions defined on V(G)">V(G)V(G) such that a≤g(x)≤f(x)−Δ≤b−Δ">a≤g(x)≤f(x)−Δ≤b−Δa≤g(x)≤f(x)−Δ≤b−Δ for each x∈V(G)">x∈V(G)x∈V(G). In this article, it is determined that G">GG is a fractional (g,f,n′,m)">(g,f,n′,m)(g,f,n′,m)-critical deleted graph if max{d1,d2,···,di}≥b(n+n′)a+b">max{d1,d2,⋅⋅⋅,di}≥b(n+n′)a+bmax{d1,d2,···,di}≥b(n+n′)a+b for any independent subset {x1,x2,...,xi}⊆V(G)">{x1,x2,...,xi}⊆V(G){x1,x2,...,xi}⊆V(G). The result is tight on independent set degree condition. إقراء المزيد

We investigate the problem of reflection and refraction of thermoelastic waves at a magnetized solid-liquid interface in presence of initial stress. In the context of Green-Lindsay and coupled thermoelastic theories of thermoelasticity, the problem has been solved and the effect of magnetic field, external heat sources, and initial stress on _p_-, _T_-, and SV-waves propagation have been discussed. The boundary ... إقراء المزيد

We study the dynamics of the three-qubit system interacting with multi-mode without rotating wave approximation (RWA). A physical realization of the system without direct qubits interactions with dephasing bath is proposed. It is shown that non-Markovian characters of the purity of the three qubits and the coupling strength of modes are stronger enough the RWA is no longer valid. The ... إقراء المزيد

This study carries out the integration of Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation. The csch method, the extended tanh–coth method, and the modified simple equation method are utilized to extract the analytical soliton solutions إقراء المزيد