Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of uterine defects (congenital and acquired) in patients with two consecutive miscarriages or more as a one of the investigative procedures.
Design and setting: This is a prospective observational study was done in the departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sohag university hospital.
Patients and Methods: Ninety two patients with recurrent pregnancy loss after two or more consecutive miscarriages. All patients had a complete history taken, physical examination and diagnostic hysteroscopy with directed biopsy.
Results: The overall hysteroscopic findings among women with recurrent pregnancy loss were 32(34.7%) versus 62(67.3%) of them with no pathological abnormality. Congenital and acquired abnormalities were found in 13(14.1%) and 19(20.6%) of patients of the study groups, respectively. Septate uterus was the most common congenital anomaly and represented about 5(5.4 %) among patients of the study groups. However, intrauterine adhesion was the most common acquired uterine defect and represented about 11(11.9%) among patients of the study groups. The congenital and acquired anomalies were slightly more in the two consecutive miscarriages group 8 (15.3%) and 11 (21.1%) respectively than the three or more miscarriages group 5 (12.5%) and 8 (20%) however, this difference was not statistically significant. The only two patients having both congenital and acquired anomalies were in the three or more miscarriages group.
Conclusion: Hysteroscopic evaluation of the uterine cavity is highly beneficial for women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Hysteroscopy should be recommended as one of the most essential investigative procedures for women with recurrent pregnancy loss even after two consecutive miscarriages.