The effect of nitrogen plasma surface treatment on the structural, mechanical, and neutron attenuation properties of AISI316L stainless steel was carried out. The mechanical and rate of plasma treatment results show that the treated N316L stainless steel has superior wear and micro-hardness values than that of the untreated one AISI316L.The experimental measurements of total slow neutron removal cross section Σ 𝑇 were carried out using 241Am-Be neutron source. The results showed that the treated N316L sample has a higher removal cross-section than the untreated AISI316L. The obtained results indicated that the rf plasma surface treatment is an effective method for developing the properties
of stainless steel alloys for in-core applications of nuclear reactors.