رسالة ماجستير

فلسفة الأنشطة الطلابية ودورها في التربية الاجتماعية لطلاب الجامعة من منظور إسلامي

الباحثة

منى أحمد السيد صبره

مصر - جامعة سوهاج

كلية التربية - قسم أصول التربية

1436هـ - 2015م

تفضلوا المستخلص في المرفقات

وبالتوفيق

 

مستخلص الدراسة:

تدور الدراسة الحالية حول فلسفة الانشطة الطلاية ودورها في التربية الاجتماعية لطلاب الجامعة من منظور إسلامي، واستهدفت الوقوف على أهمية الأنشطة الطلابية وأهدافها المختلفة في العملية التعليمية والتربوية، وتقديم نظرة الفلسفات الفكرية الوضعية للأنشطة الطلابية ونظرة الفلسفة الإسلامية لها، وتحديد أهم الأسس الفلسفية التي تبني عليها الأنشطة الطلابية، والوقوف على أهمية التربية الاجتماعية وخصائصها وأبعادها، والكشف عن واقع الأنشطة الطلابية ودورها في التربية الاجتماعية، ومحاولة الوقوف علي المعوقات التي تحول دون تفعيل دور الأنشطة الطلابية في التربية الاجتماعية ، ووضع رؤية فلسفية مقترحة للأنشطة الطلابية من منظور إسلامي.

واعتمدت الدراسة الحالية علي المنهج الوصفي باعتباره المنهج الملائم لطبيعة الدراسة، كما قامت الباحثة بإعداد استبانة كأداة للدراسة طبقت علي عينة قوامها(400) أربعمائة طالب وطالبة من طلاب الفرق النهائية من الكليات النظرية والعملية في جامعة سوهاج، وعينة من موظفي رعاية الشباب بكل كلية وكذلك رعاية الشباب المركزية قوامها (49) تسعة وأربعون موظف وموظفة.

وتوصلت الدراسة إلي عدة نتائج من أهمها ما يلي:

  • ضعف دور الأنشطة الطلابية في توجيه الطلاب عينة الدراسة بأهمية إعطاء كل ذي حق حقه، وعلي ضعف دورها في تزويد الطلاب بالخبرات التي تمكنهم من معرفة ما لهم من حقوق وما عليهم من واجبات .
  • قصور دور الأنشطة الطلابية في تنمية قيمة إيثار الآخرين عن النفس والتي دعا إليها الإسلام وهى قيمة مهمة لتحقيق الاتزان النفسي والاجتماعي للشباب وفي ترسيخ مبدأ أن الله في عون العبد ما كان العبد في عون أخيه و قصور دورها في توفير فرصة للطالبات مساوية لفرص الطلاب في العمل الاجتماعي وكأنهن ليسوا مشاركات في العمل الاجتماعي.
  • أن من أهم المعوقات التي تعوق دور الأنشطة في التربية الاجتماعية للطلاب عزوف الطلاب عن المشاركة في الأنشطة الطلابية واتساع الفجوة بين أطراف المنظومة وقلة وعى الطلاب بأهداف الأنشطة وأهميتها والخوف من تأثير النشاط على مستوى الطالب الدراسي.

وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة الميدانية تم بناء تصور مقترح لتفعيل دور الأنشطة الطلابية في التربية الاجتماعية من منظور إسلامي، حيث تضمن هذا التصور الآليات التي يمكن من خلالها تفعيل دور الأنشطة الطلابية في التربية الاجتماعية من منظور إسلامي، بالإضافة إلي مواجهة المعوقات التي قد تعوق دور الأنشطة الطلابية في التربية الاجتماعية من منظور إسلامي.

 

Summary

Introduction:

Student activities play an important role in social education of university students through offering programs, activities, seminars, conferences, religious and social events, public service camps, and various competitions of research such as articles and magazines which show the importance of social education and social awareness of community issues. Despite of the importance of student activities, their important role in social education of university students, and the diversity areas of work, they lack coordination in activities since twenty years ago. This is due to the absence of clear philosophy and strategy and specific mechanisms for implementing them. But unfortunately, this situation continues to the current moment.

In order to student activities do this role; they must have a clear philosophy which emanates from the goals and foundations of the student activities. Arab society is in urgent need to return to the Islamic education to link the present to past, root philosophical thought, confirm the cultural character and fortify the minds of their children from the dangers and intrigues. Islam has flexibility and comprehensiveness in general rules what makes it appropriate every time and place. The balance which is caused by Islam between the spiritual and material aspects of human nature is sponsor to achieve progress and prosperity in the society in all its aspects.

 Therefore, Islamic philosophy has unique features which make it the fittest philosophies to build human. It is derived from Islam, which is appropriate for every time and place. So, on the basis of Islam it can be built a specific Islamic educational philosophy which is marked by authenticity and contemporary, and takes into account the teachings of religion and the spirit of the age, and thus the philosophy of student activities can be built.

In short, which cause the problem of multiple student activities - as the researcher sees - are embracing a traditional educational thought and the adoption of a non-Islamic philosophy which is incapable of preparing the right worshiper, who Islamic education builds alone.

The study problem is determined in that; there are shortages in the role of student activities on the side of social education for university students. This is due to the lack of a clear philosophy which these activities are underlying and the presence of other impediments in student activities role in social education. Therefore, the study problem is determined in the shortage of student activities in providing the correct social education for university students. Therefore, the study seeks to  propose a philosophical vision of student activities from an Islamic perspective  to up bring university students socially, and recognize the reality of the student activities role in the social education for the university students and the obstacles which face this role.

Questions of the study:

  1. What is the view of intellectual positivistic philosophies of student activities? And the Islamic philosophy view of it?
  2. What are the features of social education for youth in Islam and the role of community institutions for it?
  3. What is the role of student activities in social education for university students from an Islamic perspective?
  4. What is the reality of the student activities role in social education from an Islamic perspective?
  5. What is the proposed perception to activate student activities role in social education from an Islamic perspective?

Importance of the study:

The importance of the study is determined in the following points:

  1. It is an attempt to explain a derived philosophy from an Islamic perspective of student activities in order to ensure the achievement of their role in social education through the presentation of different activities for university students.
  2. To benefit who are responsible for student activities at University for increasing interests in effective social education to develop activities among students.
  3. To recognize the importance of activities and their role in formatting an integrated and balanced character, and that the activities are an integral part of the educational process.
  4. This study contributes to prepare and immunize students properly with social values which ​​are derived from Islamic perspective to face the negatives in university students' ethics, sabotages, murder crimes and other operations that have occurred in the Egyptian society.
  5. Contributing to deepen students' awareness of the importance of exercising student activities to promote their social values.
  6. High lightening the usefulness of exercising student activities and their diversity to invest the large spare time of the students.
    7. Showing that students' practicing of diverse activities at university diversify their experience, refine their skills, shape their positive trends, release their creations and style their behavior.
  7. It is expected that the study results stimulate the officials at Sohag University to take appropriate decisions and actions on the actual planning of student activities from an Islamic perspective and provide possibilities of necessary material and human resources.
    9. Exploring the obstacles of applying the Islamic perspective at university.
    10. The results of this study are useful to judge the success of student activities in contributing a significant role in social education for the students of Sohag University from an Islamic perspective. This is by considering activities as the best tool to develop the effective awareness that helps to format the obligor responsible good citizen, who meets the challenges which face the community in which he lives and the Arab nation to which he belongs.

Aims of the study:

    This study aimed to:

  1. Standing on the importance of student activities and their differentobjectives in the instructional and educational process.
  2. Presentingthe view of intellectual positivist philosophies of student activities and the view of Islamic philosophy.
  3. Identifying the most important philosophical foundations upon which the student activities constructed from an Islamic perspective.
  4. Standing on the importance of social education and its characteristics and dimensions from an Islamic perspective.
  5. Detecting the reality of student activities and their role in social education from an Islamic perspective.
  6. It is an attempt to stand on the obstacles that prevent activation of the student activities role in social education from an Islamic perspective.
  7. Putting aproposed philosophical vision of student activities from an Islamic perspective.

Methodology of the study:

    The study used the descriptive method because of its appropriateness with the current study. This approach is interested in research, survey and analysis of educational phenomena as they exist in the present, and describing, diagnosing, analyzing and interpreting them in order to discover the relationship between their elements or between them and other phenomena which associated with them as a preparation for the treatment. The descriptive approach has been used in the current study, according to the following steps:

  • Compiling, classifying and organizing of the scientific material.
    • Writing the theoretical chapters and formulate their parts.
    • Preparing the field study tool for applying it.
    • Interpreting the results that have been reached in the field application on a sample of university students at Sohag University.
    • Providing a proposed perception and appropriate recommendations for activating the role of student activities in the social education for university students from an Islamic perspective.

Limitations of the study:

   The study was limited in studying the philosophy of student activities and their role in social education for university students from an Islamic perspective.
   And the study was limited in the final year's students in Sohag University, due to the fact that they have studied along at university, to be easier to find out the played role by student activities in their social upbringing and the obstacles which faced and prevented the student activities from doing this role. The field study was applied in the second semester of the academic year 2013 m- 2014.

The study tool:

  The study tool was represented in questionnaire which was prepared by the researcher, and applied to a sample of students in Sohag University to identify the role of student activities in social education for university students from an Islamic perspective and obstacles which face this role.

Steps of the study:

    According to the study subject, the methodology was used, and the study questions, the study is according to the following steps:
 l The study starts with chapter I, It is a general framework for the study. It includes the introduction, the problem, the importance, the objectives, the methodology and the terms of the study, and previous studies. Then, the steps of the study walk down.
 l The study is divided into two sections. The first one is theoretical, and the other is a field section as follow:

Section I: theoretical and includes the following:


- The second chapter, entitled: "Student activities in the light of some Western philosophies and Islamic philosophy."

- The third chapter, entitled: "The features of social education for Youth in Islam and the role of community institutions toward it"
- Chapter IV, entitled: "Student activities and their role in social education for university students from an Islamic perspective."

Section II: The field section includes the following:

- Chapter V: "The reality of the role of student activities in social education from an Islamic perspective and the obstacles of this role."
- Chapter VI: "The proposed perception to activate the role of student activities in social education from an Islamic perspective."

Results of the study:

The results of the field study are summarized in the following points:

  • The results of the field study showed the weak role of student activities in guiding students to the importance of giving everyone his right which shows the weakness of the religious faith which they have, the weakness of the role of student activities in promoting the logo "satisfaction is unexhausted treasure", and the weakness of the role of student activities in developing the behavior of humility and in desiring students in connecting womb.
  • And also, the field study resulted that the student activities role is weak in providing students with experiences which enable them to know what are their rights and duties, despite the importance of this role in graduating the university students who are prepared to do their duty towards their homeland and around their society. Also, it showed the weakness of student activities role in strengthening the principle of amnesty as possible which is an important principle in educating youth socially. And also, it showed the lack of student activities role in developing the preference value of others upon self that is advocated by Islam, which is an important value to achieve psychological and social equilibrium of youth.
  • Also, the field study showed the lack of student activities role in establishing the principle that God will help the slave while the slave is helping his brother despite the importance of this principle for achieving cooperation, harmony and participation among students. And also, it showed the weakness of student activities role in strengthening the principle of being honest in speech and action, and in enhancing the value of respecting and reverencing the elder among university students.

  • The results of the field study showed the lack of student activities role to provide an opportunity for female students equaling to male students in social work as if they are not involved in social work, or because of habits which are raised by the rural community that female is not as male in social work practice. And this is wasting her right to exercise the social aspect in girls' life. And, the field study showed the lack of student activities role in encouraging students to respect the majority opinion.

  • The results of the field study showed that the most important obstacles that hinder the role of the activities in social education of students were the reluctance of students to participate in student such as cultural, artistic activities and seminars, the widening gap between the parties of the system (faculty member - supervisor - student), and the lack of awareness among students to the objectives and importance of the activities. The practicing of student activities is characterized in entertainment and students were fear of the impact of activity on their academic level. While the study sample may not determine its response to the absence of good planning of student activities.