Rectangular tunnel boring machine (TBM) is applied for the tunnels’ excavation including a cross section of circular and rectangular shape within the various rocks and soil strata. Excessive structural forces, which is produced within tunnel linings, might affect the serviceability and safety of tunnels whose forces acting on tunnels linings during the initial design period have to be accurately calculated. ... Read more

'is study aims to investigate the effect of sand compaction piles on the swelling and shrinkage behavior of expansive clay soil. A series of experimental laboratory tests were carried out using the modified Proctor mold and a circular footing. 'ediameter of the sand compaction pile was selected to give a replacement area ratio equal to 57%. To model the swelling ... Read more

At the last decades, the design of piled raft foundation has been evolved in order to provide sufficient bearing capacity and reduction in settlement. While, minimum number of piles should be used for economical design. For this purpose, the concept of settlement reducer piles was presented. This system depend on using a few number of pile for reducing the settlement ... Read more

The effect of underground deep mixed columns on mitigation of liquefaction was studied by running shaking table model experiments. The effects of several factors like frequency of input motion, the degree of drainage, column length, diameter, column spacing and boundary condition were studied. Moreover, the volumetric strain, the pore water pressure ratio, the rates of generation and dissipation of the ... Read more

Experimental tests are very important to determine the engineering properties of soils in geotechnical engineering. Special expertise and care are required to perform these tests. The unconfined compression test is also one of them. Thus, there is a need to develop models to quickly predict the unconfined compression strength of soils. The researchers attempted to develop correlations to predict the ... Read more