Abstract Background Data: Chiari malformation type-1 (CM-1) is a challenging subject to wrap our hands around table. Chiari symptoms often range from, unexplained, and/or occipital Valsalva type headache, chronic fatigue syndrome, lower cranial nerve abnormalities, brain stem compression, till severe neurological insult which augmented by syringomyelia, or srynigobulbia. Exact diagnostic and prognostic tools carry a great controversy which ranged from ...
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