This study proposes both steel and fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites as main reinforcement for modern reinforced concrete (RC) moment-resisting frame (MRF) structures. A detailed three-dimensional finite element model (3D FEM), which takes into account the material and geometric nonlinearity and the bond behavior of steel and glass FRP (GFRP) reinforcement, was created and validated against the available experimental results. 54 ...
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