ABSTRACT Almost all the cities of Egypt and the Arab have old neighborhoods, which dates back to early last century, characterized by distinctive architectural style, and a visual reference , that reflects the thought and culture of the community. However, with population growth and consequent increased demand for housing and services, those neighborhoods and areas are threatened with extinction. Building ... إقراء المزيد

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Sustainability of architecture and urbanism issue is an important subject of concern of architects and planners worldwide. They are looking for achievement superior project , not only to achieve utility , economy, beauty, and durability, but also to achieve sustainability, as it seeks to reduce energy consumption, and reduce the adverse environmental effects, to give opportunity of better ... إقراء المزيد

Contemporary architecture faces many challenges to prove that it is able to accommodate the requirements of sustainable development and the preservation of the environment, so it is imperative to prepare architects, who are aware with the concepts and principles of sustainability and able to apply and integrate these principles with modern techniques and used them in the production of a ... إقراء المزيد