INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by persistent joint affection mainly and extra-articular organ involvement as skin, heart and gastrointestinal (GI) systems. Functional GI manifestations are one of the most common extra-articular manifestations of RA as gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Our study aimed to study the prevalence of GERD ... إقراء المزيد

Abstract: The purpose of this current study is to investigate the role of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as a risk factor for Minimal Associated Pathological Lesions (MAPLs) of the vocal folds with associated symptoms and laryngeal findings, and to assess the prevalence of GERD in these patients. This study included one hundred and fourteen patients with MAPLs and associated symptoms ... إقراء المزيد