Background: Evasion of apoptosis is an essential alteration for cellular genetic mutation. Survivin is a member of
inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family. Under normal conditions, Survivin is expressed in embryonic and fetal
tissues and markedly diminished in mature, differentiated adult tissues. Survivin was found to be re-expressed
in multiple solid and hematological human malignant neoplasms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
expression of Survivin in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and to find statistically significant associations between
Survivin and the tested Clinicopathological parameters. Methods: 39 patients with RCCs who underwent
nephrectomy were included in the study. From each RCC specimen, two tissue sections were obtained; one was
stained by H&E stain to determine both RCC phenotype and Fuhrman’s nuclear grades. The second tissue section
was immunohistochemically stained by anti-human Survivin antibody. Results: The study revealed statistically
significant associations between Survivin expression in RCC specimens and RCC histological types (p =0.002),
high tumor grade (p< 0.001) and advanced tumor stage (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The study revealed that Survivin is
positively correlated to poorly differentiated RCCs with high Fuhrman’s nuclear grade and advanced tumor stage.