Simultaneous determination of codeine and its co-formulated drugs acetaminophen and caffeine by utilising cerium oxide nanoparticles modified screen-printed electrodes
We report a facile and low-cost methodology for the simultaneous determination of codeine (COD) and its common co-formulated drugs acetaminophen (APAP) and caffeine (CAF) utilising cerium oxide nanopar- ticles modified screen-printed electrodes (CeO2-SPEs) for the first time. Interestingly, CeO2-SPEs offer a promising, sensitive, robust and chemically stable non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for the simul- taneous determination of APAP, COD and CAF ... Read more