This research aimed to identify the impact of internal migration on the economic and social conditions of rural women, to identify the level of economic and social conditions for rural women, and to identify the most important causes of internal migration from the point of view of migrant wives. The research was conducted in Sohag Governorate and three administrative centers were chosen randomly, which are Gerga Center, Tahta Center, and El Balina Center, one village was randomly selected from each center, and the sample size reached 300 respondents. Data were collected using a personal interview questionnaire from the respondents. The most important results were that the percentage of female respondents who had an economic level between low and medium amounted to (81%) of the total number of respondents, the percentage of female respondents who had a high economic level (19%), and the percentage of respondents who had a social level between low and medium amounted to (7, 91%), and the percentage of respondents who have a high social level is (3.8%), and the results also indicated that there are statistically significant differences between the average of the respondents whose husbands emigrated and those whose husbands did not migrate in favor of the respondents whose husbands did not migrate with regard to economic and social conditions It also became clear that the ETA factor used to measure the size of the effect of internal migration on the economic conditions of the respondents reached 703, which indicates the large size of the impact, and that the ETA factor of the size of the effect of internal migration on the social conditions of the respondents reached 452, which indicates the relatively small size of the impact. Bother The results showed that there is a positive moral relationship at the level of 01.0 between the number of years of education of the respondent, family ownership of agricultural tenure, adequacy of income, internal migration and variables of economic and social conditions, and there is a negative moral relationship at the level of significance 01.0 between each of the respondent’s age The results showed that the most important reasons for the internal migration of the rural population from the viewpoint of the respondents is the low wage the husband receives, which reached (3.51%) and that the husband’s lack of work opportunity reached (32%) in When the percentage of desire to increase income was (7.16%)