Study of Early post stroke depression in patient with cerebro- vascular stroke
Introduction
Stroke is the third-most-common cause of death in developed countries, exceeded only by coronary heart disease and cancer (Palomaki et al, 2005).
Depression occurs in up to 50% of patients after stroke and limits rehabilitation and recovery (Lai et al,1995; Anderson et al, 2001).
In fact, the highest rates of incident depression have been reported in the first month following stroke (Aben et al, 2006, Bour et al, 2010). Bour et al, (2011) reported a decrease in incident cases of depression over the course of the first year following the stroke event.
Depression after stroke (Post Stroke Depression, PSD) is common and, compared with non-depressed stroke patients, is associated with worse long-term outcomes (Gillen et al,2001; Taylor et al, 2003).
As many as 55% of individuals identified as depressed at one assessment remained depressed on follow-up (Ayerbe et al, 2011).
Depression is a distressing illness and is associated with a substantial reduction in quality of life and increased risk of suicid (Tennen et al,2001).
Many stroke survivors can live in the community, provided they have support and are cared for by a family member (Paolucci et al, 2008).
Although depression may affect functional recovery and quality of life after stroke, such condition is often ignored. In fact, only a minority of patients is diagnosed and even fewer are treated in the common clinical practice (Carod-Artal et al,2000; Narushima et al ,2003).
The coexistence of stroke and depression increases the risk of death (Carota et al,2005).
Unfortunately, depression is associated with poor stroke-related outcomes for both patients and their caregivers. Patients with depression experience worse stroke-related outcomes in the form of greater functional disability and higher mortality (Verdelho et al ,2006 ).
Patients with depression were 3.4 times more likely to die during a 10-year follow-up period than non-depressed patients (Hamilton et al, 2005).
They also observed that the relationship between mortality and depression was independent of other common stroke risk factors e.g. age, sex, social class, and level of social functioning ( Robinson et al ,1999; Lesperance et al, 2000).
Depression is thought to have a detrimental effect on stroke recovery through a number of mechanisms. For instance, a depressed patient may be less motivated to participate in stroke rehabilitation because of persistent fatigue or lack of hope (Astrom et al,1993; Carson et al,2000).
Post stroke depression is highly prevalent in both sexes, but appears to be more common among women than men (Berg et al, 2003; Herrmann et al, 2008).
Untreated depression after stroke can lead to a reduced quality of life, poorer prognosis, and increased mortality. All stroke patients should be routinely screened for depression (Aben et al, 2001; Schulz et al ,2002).
Aim of the work
The aim of this study the correlation between cerebro-vascular stroke and the occurrence of post stroke depression at Sohag university hospital.