Abstract
Background and study aim: Chromoendoscopy using indigo carmine staining significantly increased the detection rate for adenomas, flat lesions, and serrated lesions, this study aim to evaluate the role of routine chromoendoscopy using indigocarmine dye in early detection of rectosigmoid lesions.
Methods: Eighty five patients were presenting to Endoscopy Unit, Internal Medicine Department; Sohag University for colonoscopic examination, aged ≥40 years.
Results: A total number of 85 patients were included, 52 males (61.2%), 33 females (38.8%) and their ages ranged from 40 to 74 years with a mean of 56.54 years ± 9.21. The diagnosis after conventional colonoscopy was normal in 43 patients (50.6%) , 17 patients (20%) had hyperplastic polyps, 7 patients (8.2%) had carcinomas, 7 patients ( 8.2% ) had non- specific colitis,4 patients (4.7%) had angiodysplasia ,4 patients (4.7%) had diverticulae ,2 patients (2.4%) had adenomatous polyps and 1 patient (1.2) had a benign rectal ulcer. Flat elevated lesions were 72 lesions (55%), flat lesions were 57 lesions (43.5%) and lastly depressed lesions were only 2 lesions (1.5%). Histopathological examination after chromoendoscopy were 52 lesions revealed inflammatory conditions (39.7%), 32 lesions were hyperplastic in nature (24.4%), 4 lesions were indefinite for hyperplasia (3.1%), 23 lesions show dysplastic features (17.5%) and 20 lesions (15.3%) show normal histopathological examination. Total conventional colonoscopy time was 31.13±9.4, the added time by chromoendoscopy technique was 14.21±3.7 minutes and time of application of the dye was 176.82±51.4 seconds.
Conclusion: Routine chromoendoscopy using indigocarmine is a valuable technique in demonstrating dysplastic and inflammatory rectosigmoid lesions.