anatomical considertation
Basal ganglia includes
1- Caudate nucleus
2- Putamen
3- Globus pallidus
4- Substantia nigra
5- Subthalamic nucleus
NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL CONSIDRATIONS
A- Connections
1- Afferents ( Cerebral C, Thalamus, Brain stem, Amygdala)
2- Efferents (Cerebral Cortex, Thalamus, Brain stem, RF)
3- Internuclear
B- NEUROTRANSMITTERS ( Dopamine, Acetylcholine, GABA,
5 HT, Enkephalin, Neurotensin, and Substance P)
C- Functions ( Voluntary motor, Muscle tone, Cognitive
functions)