Medicine                                                  

Sohag University                                                                                                                                               

                                                                  Pharmacology Department

                                                                 Date: 4/6/2012

                                                                       Time allowed: 3 hours

 

Pharmacology Examination For Third Year

Medical Student

(I):

Answer only FOUR questions from the following:          (40 marks)

 

1-CIPROFLOXACIN, ISONIAZID, CLINDAMYCIN are drugs related to different pharmacological groups. Explain their mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects.

 

2-Give a full account on drugs used in treatment of hyperprolactinemia.

 

3-ORAL ANTICOAGULANT: Members, mechanism of action, drug interactions and toxicity.

 

4-VASODILATORS:Examples and fully discuss one of them.

 

5-ORAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS: Classification with examples, write short notes on one group of them.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(II):

Answer ALL the following short questions                      (60marks)

 

6-Therapeutic uses and side effects of CORTICOSTEROIDS.

 

7-Mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of BENZODIAZEPINES.

 

8-STATINS:examples, mechanism of action and adverse effects.

 

9-Side effects and therapeutic uses of THIAZIDE DIURETICS.

 

10-LOSARTAN: mechanism of action and therapeutic uses.

 

11- Drugs used in treatment of chronic   gout.

 

12-Selective COXII inhibitors: examples, side effects and therapeutic uses.

 

13-ANTIESTROGEN as anticancer drugs.

 

14-Therapeutic uses and main side effects of BISPHOSPHONATES.

 

15-CARBIMAZOLE : mechanism of action and adverse effects.

 

16-Therapeutic uses and side effects of OMEPRAZOLE.

 

17-Enumerate the therapeutic uses of CLONIDINE.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(III):

For each one of the following,select either true (T) or false (F) statement                                                              (20 marks)

1-Volatile liquids as halothane, isofluran and nitrous oxide used as inhalational anaesthetic.

2-Metronidazole is effective in the treatment of ambiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis and aerobic microorganism.

3-Griseofalvin is a fungistatic antibiotics which inhibits fungal mitosis by binding to polymerized microtubules.

4-Amantadine is used in treatment of influenza A infection as well as in treatment of parkinsonism.

5-Coadministration of phenytoin enhance the effectevinece of oral contraceptive.

6-Neostigmine is the  drug of choice in treatment of succinylcholine toxicity.

7-Receptor down-regulation usually occurs after chronic administration of an agonist.

8-Cephalosporins can be used safely in patients who have impaired renal function.

9-Sulfonamide-induced crystalluria can be avoided by co-administration of ammonium chloride.

10- Methadone can be used as anesthetics adjuvant instead of morphine.

11-Buspirone has sedative hypnotic effect as it is phenothiazine derivative.

12-Aminoglycosides are bactericidal as they bind to 50 S ribosomal subunit.

13-Ezetimibe inhibit intestinal triglyceride absorption.

14-Propranolol is safe when used in treatment of hypertensive patient with history of bronchial asthma.

15-Phenylephrine can be used as a nasal decongestant.

16-Pindolol may exacerbate angina in some patients.

17-Labetalol is used to treat the hypertensive response of clonidine sudden withdrawal.

18-Phentolamine  produces  more tachycardia than prazosin.

19-Idiosyncrasy is a decrease in drug response with continued drug administration.

20-Antagonism of histamine-induced hypotension by adrenaline is an example of physiological antagonism.

 

 

(IV):

Select the most appropriate answer for the following MCQS:

                                                                                      (10marks)

 

21-All the following drugs can be used in treatment of infertility EXCEPT:

 

a-Human chorionic gonadotropines.                         b-Clomiphene.   c-Prolactin.                                 d-Gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

 

22-All the following are toxic effect of corticosteroids EXCEPT:

a-Osteoporosis.                                               b-Salt retension.

c-Hypoglycaemia.                                          d-Growth inhibition.

 

23-All the following are recognized effects of oral contraceptives EXCEPT:

a-Nasea.                                               b-Edema.

c-Decrease risk of ovarian cancer. 

d-Increase risk of endometrial cancer.

 

24-All the following drugs are H1-blockers EXCEPT:

a-Diphyenhydramine.                    b-Fexofenadine

c-Loratidine .                                  d-Famotidine.

 

25-Regarding vancomycin, all the following statement are true EXCEPT:

a-It is bactericidal against grame +ve bacteria. 

b-It is not absorbed from GIT.

c-Its F value after oral administration equal zero.

d-It is one of glycopeptide antimycotic drugs.

 

 

26-Pharmacological effects of morphine,include all the following EXCEPT:

a-Analgesia.                                        b-Euphoria   

c- Pin point mydriasis.                      d-Hypnosis.

 

27- All the following antibiotics are nephrotoxic EXCEPT:

a-Gentamycin.                                b-Streptomycin.

c-Chlorotetracyclin.                      d-Azethromycin.

 

28-Valproic acid has the following correct statements EXCEPT:

a-Act through interaction with voltage sensitive sodium channels or enhancement of GABA accumulation.

b-Rarly induced fulminant hepatitis that may be fatal.  

c-Ineffective in manic depressive illness.

d-Effective against absence seizures, generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizure.

 

29-All the following laxatives and their linked mechanism are correct EXCEPT:

a-Caster oil-lubricant laxative.   

b-Senna leaves-stimulant laxative. 

c-Magnesium sulfate-osmotic laxative.      

d-Bran –bulk laxative.

 

30-Tricyclic antidepressant drugs are effective in treatment of the following EXCEPT:

a-As prophylactic measure for migraine.

b-Irritable bowel syndrome.

c-Malignant neuroleptic syndrome.

d-Bullimia nervosa.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

V-Clinical cases

I-A  male patient 55 years old was suffered from edema in the lower limbs breathlessness and expiratory dyspnea, who was diagnosed as a patient with congestive heart failure (CHF):                                                        (10 Marks)

 

31- Which ONE of the following drugs is used in the management of this case:

  1. a) Captopril b) Isoproterenol.

c)Verapamil.                                          a)Epinephrine. 

 

32- ONE of the following drugs commonly administerd with  the drug selected in  question 31:

a)Hydralazine.                             b)Isosorbid.

c)Inamrinone.                              d)Chlorothiazide.

 

33-Over dose of the drug you selected in   question 32 can produce ONE of the following side effects:

a)Postural hypotension.                 b) Reflex tachycardia.

c)Salt water retension.                   d)Hypokalemia.

 

34-All the following drugs  can be used in the management of this case EXCEPT:

a)Spironolactone.                        b) Propranolol.

  1. c) Prazocin. d) Metolazone.

 

35-The above patient suddenly developed atrial fibirillation, ONE of  the following drugs were properly administerd:

a)Hydralazine.                             b) Inamrinone.

  1. c) Isosorbid. d)Digoxin.

 

 

 

 

II-An adult man was suffered from acute attack of expiratory dyspnea, cough and expiratory wheezing, he was diagnosed as bronchial asthma.                          (10 Marks)

 

36-All  of the following drugs were prescribed to relieve his acute attack of asthma EXCEPT:

  1. a) Terbutaline. b)Albuterol.

   b)Formoterol.                                  c)Salbutamol.

         

37-Your proper answer of the last question was based on that the selected drug has  ONE of the following disadvantges.

a)Inhibition of beta1 and beta2 adrenoreceptors.

 b)Selective stimulation of alpha2 adrenoreceptors.

c)Selective stimulation of beta2 adrenoreceptors.

d)Delayed onset of  action.

 

38- ONE of the side effect of the drug selected in question (36) is:

  1. a) Constipation. b) Severe bradycardia.
  2. c) Dry mouth. d)Frequent tremors.

 

39-For avoidance of the recurrence of the acute attack of bronchial asthma;  and preventing nighttime asthmatic attack ONE of the following drugs was administered:

a)Epinephrine.                             b)Salmeterol.

  1. c) Isoprenaline. d)Ephedrine.

 

40-The patient suddenly developed a severe acute attack of bronchial asthma; which did not respond to usual measures. This patient can be treated using:

a)Intravenous metaproterenol.  

b)I.V. methylprednisolone after that oral prednisone for several days.

c)Intravenous aminophylline.                       d)All the above.