BACKGROUND: Minimal hepatic Encephalopathy (MHE) is defined as HE without symptoms on clinical/neurological examination, but with deficits in some cognitive areas that can only be measured by neuropsychometric testing. However, numerous studies have shown that, although the neurological symptoms are slight, affected patients are markedly impaired in their quality of life and ability to work. Various treatment modalities that have ... إقراء المزيد

Background: Pruritus is a distressing symptom of cholestatic, inflammatory, and malignant liver diseases. It is a common symptom in many biliary and cholestatic disorders such as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Several mechanisms are generally accepted as possible explanations to the underlying basis of itch. However, the exact pathophysiology of pruritus in liver diseases remains unclear. The cutaneous and central neurobiology ... إقراء المزيد

_Objective_: Both endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) cytology may provide tissue diagnoses in solid pancreatic neoplasms. However, there are scant data comparing these two methods. This study aims at retrospectively comparing EUS-FNA and ERCP tissue sampling and ability of cytopathological diagnosis in solid pancreatic neoplasms and to determine usefulness and adverse events of combining ... إقراء المزيد

We herein describe the case of a 67-year-old woman with a duodenal ulcer thought to be caused by elevated pancreatic ductal pressure. The patient complained of continuous upper abdominal pain. Her medical history included idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. Endoscopy revealed a huge duodenal ulcer located on the inferior duodenal angle, which had not been seen on endoscopic retrograde pancreatography two months ... إقراء المزيد

Background and aim: International Consensus guideline 2012 for the management of IPMN and MCN of the pancreas was published, in which strategy of follow-up in branch duct IPMN (BD-IPMN) was shown. We evaluated risk factor of invasive carcinoma (IC) in followed BD-IPMN. Patients & Methods: Total 322 BD-IPMN cases were enrolled (age 68.0 years old, gender male/female: 148/174, follow-up time: ... إقراء المزيد

BACKGROUND No previous studies have compared cytology obtained under endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETGD) and EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for thick-walled gallbladders. AIM The present study investigated the diagnostic yield of bile cytology under ETGD and EUS-FNA for gallbladder tumors. METHODS A total of 69 patients were diagnosed as having gallbladder wall thickening. Among these patients, 28 patients were ... إقراء المزيد

Background and Study Aim: The present study assesses the feasibility as well as the technical and functional success rates of a novel endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) technique called the locking stent method that uses end-bare covered metallic stents (EBCMS). Methods: Twenty consecutive patients who were histologically diagnosed with unresectable cancer complicated with obstructive jaundice underwent EUS-HGS due to failed endoscopic ... إقراء المزيد

Background and study aim: To minimize bile leakage and avoid possible death because of stent migration in endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS), we have recently combined EUS-HGS with EUS-guided antegrade stenting (EUS-AS) of the biliary obstruction using a novel uncovered metallic stent with a finegauge delivery system. In this pilot study,we evaluated the feasibility and adverse events associated with this combination ... إقراء المزيد

Liver abscesses secondary to Salmonella species are rarely described in the general population. We herein describe a case of a liver abscess caused by CTX-M-55-type extended-spectrum β -lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella enteritidis , which has not been reported in the literature. A 54-year-old male was admitted due to a high fever and was clinically diagnosed with a liver abscess. Culture ... إقراء المزيد