Background Non-invasive ventilation is increased used in preterm infants. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after less invasive surfactant administration (LISA). Materials and Methods In this clinical trial, eighty two preterm infants admitted in neonatal intensive care unit, ... Read more

Background: IL-17 is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in many autoimmune diseases. Aim: To investigate the association of IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 gene polymorphisms with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in Egyptian children. Patients and methods: We examined 80 patients (male/female, 33/47; median age, 7 years old) diagnosed with acute ITP and 55 healthy controls (male/female, ... Read more

Background Chest physiotherapy has been used to clear secretions in pediatrics for many respiratory problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chest physical therapy on full term neonates with primary pneumonia. Materials and Methods Sixty full term neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Minia University, Egypt, during the period from September 2016 to ... Read more

Background: Antenatal steroid therapy recently has been considered for term and late preterm infants delivered by Cesarean section (CS), with the aim of preventing adverse respiratory morbidity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic effects of antenatal dexamethasone on blood glucose (BG) homeostasis and serum C-peptide level when administered to term fetuses. Methods: Umbilical cord blood ... Read more

Background Many studies reported that copper, zinc and magnesium play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Exchange transfusion and intensive phototherapy are known two modalities of therapy for severe neonatal hyper bilirubinemia, but the effect of them on those trace elements is unknown. Materials and Methods Copper, Zinc and Magnesium serum levels were measured before and ... Read more

Purpose. To investigate tear function, ocular manifestations, and squamous metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium (SMCE) in children with end stage renal failure (ESRF) on dialysis. Methods. Thirty children with ESRF and 20 age and sex matched controls during the period fromJanuary 2014 toMay 2015 underwent full ophthalmologic examination and the tear functionwas investigated by the Schirmer and tear film break-up ... Read more

Background: Dipstick urine analysis is the most common method for screening children for detecting urinary abnormalities. This study is aimed to estimate the frequency of urinary problems among children aged 6-13 years from five primary schools in different parts of the Sohag Governorate, Egypt. Study Design and Setting: Cross-sectional study carried out by the Pediatrics Department and Community Medicine Departments ... Read more

Background. Frequent blood transfusions in thalassemia major children expose them to the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in thalassemic children attending the PediatricsDepartments of both Sohag andMiniaUniversities ofUpper Egypt, during the period fromMay 2014 ... Read more

Aim. To investigate corneal endothelial cell morphological in children with type 1 diabetes and to determine the systemic and local factors that contribute to these changes. Methods.One hundred sixty eyes of 80 childrenwith type 1 diabetes and 80 eyes of 40 normal children as a control during the period from July 2015 to February 2016 underwent full clinical and ophthalmologic ... Read more

bAbstract: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of brain injury in the newborn and can result devastating consequences. The principle mechanisms underlying neurological damage in HIE resulting from hypoxemia and/or ischemia is deprivation of glucose and oxygen supply which energy failure. A consequent reperfusion injury often deteriorates the brain metabolism by increasing the oxidative stress damage. Selenium is ... Read more