Abstract Self-inflicted eye trauma is a serious form of self-harm as it may lead to irreversible visual disability. Diagnosing self-inflicted ocular injuries, in all its forms, can be quite challenging. In this report, we are presenting a 5-yearold girl presented to Sohag University Outpatient Clinic with a history of repeated attacks of bilateral eye redness with blood-tinged strands removed from ... Read more

Abstract NALCN is a conserved cation channel, which conducts a permanent sodium leak current and regulates resting membrane potential and neuronal excitability. It is part of a large ion channel complex, the “NALCN channelosome”, consisting of multiple proteins including UNC80 and UNC79. The predominant neuronal expression pattern and its function suggest an important role in neuronal function and disease. So ... Read more

Abstract Febrile seizures (FS) are frequent convulsive disorders, occurring in infants and young children. The present study aims to assess and compare the serum levels of oxidative stress markers and some essential trace minerals in FS with normal or abnormal EEG and evaluate the effect of antioxidant therapy on the clinical outcome. This study has been carried out on 80 ... Read more

Abstract Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common childhood form of muscular dystrophy. The incidence of cardiomyopathy in DMD increases with age, so its early detection is important because institution of cardioprotective medical therapies may slow adverse remodeling and attenuate heart failure symptoms in these patients. Objective: To assess the cardiac functions in children clinically suspected to have ... Read more

Abstract Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) registers appear to be appropriate tools for answering quastions regarding the prev-alence and characteristics of this common childhood disability. Aim: This study was conducted to establish database about CP in Sohag City in Sohag Governorate. Subjects and Methods: CP childern in general, health insurance and University Hospital, Physical Therapy Private Centers, Neuro Pediatric Clinics and ... Read more

Abstract: Background: Skin diseases are a major health problem affecting a high proportion of the population and causing distress and disability. Disabled children may be particularly susceptible to skin disorders. Data regarding the dermatological problems encountered among physically and/or mentally challenged children are limited in Egypt. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the pattern and the prevalence of skin ... Read more

Abstract Background: Autism is currently known as "a behaviorally defined syndrome” manifested as impairment in social communication, repetitive routines and restricted interests. There is an increased risk of ASDs associated with common mutations affecting the folate/methylation cycle. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify C677T and 1298AC polymorphic genotypes of MTHFR gene among a sample of Egyptian children ... Read more

Abstract Introduction: Breath-holding spells (BHSs) are involuntary pauses of breathing, sometimes accompanied by loss of consciousness. They usually occur in response to an upsetting or surprising situation. Breath-holding spells are usually caused by either a change in the usual breathing pattern or a slowing of the heart rate. In some children, BHSs may be related to iron deficiency anemia. The ... Read more

Abstract Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) infections can be categorized according to the nature of the infectious pathogen into viral, bacterial, protozoan, or fungal. The diagnosis of diffuse CNS infections depends on examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained by lumbar puncture (LP). The aim of this work was to determine the diagnostic value of CSF analysis in infants and children ... Read more

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune mediated disease of the brain. It occurs following a viral infection but may appear following vaccination, bacterial or parasitic infection. It occurs in all ages, with average age around 5 to 8 years old. Full recovery is seen in 50 to 75% of cases. The estimated mortality rate may be as ... Read more