Objective: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is the most powerful stimulant of cellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Enhanced PMA response has been correlated with poor semen quality, reduced sperm fertilizing potential and male infertility. The objective of this study was to investigate PMA response in pure sperm (free of leukocyte contamination) obtained from leukocytospermic patients. Design: A prospective clinical ... إقراء المزيد