Background: Infertility affects 10-15% of couples, with both male and female factors contributing. Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) causes 60% of azoospermia cases, and micro-TESE with ICSI is a key treatment. Hormonal stimulation before micro-TESE may improve sperm retrieval, though its effectiveness is debated. Objectives: To compare the efficacy of administering HCG and AEI before performing microscopic testicular sperm extraction Patients and ...
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