pharyngeal roof using light and scanning electron microscopy. Studied parts from the roof of the
turkey's pharynx were processed and stained by convential stains to illustrate the mucosa, salivary
glands, and connective tissue infiltration. Also, Scanning electron investigations were applied on
pharyngeal papillae and pharyngeoseophageal junction. Grossly, the pharyngeal roof was shown
to constitute about 12.27% of the oropharyngeal roof length, continue rostrally with the oral roof
at the level located between the choanal and infundibular slits, and terminate caudally at the
pharyngeoesophageal junction, demarcated by a transverse row of caudally directed conical
papillae. Numerous different sized and shaped caudally directed pharyngeal papillae were distributed
in the roof of the pharynx. Histologically, the pharyngeal mucosa demonstrated pharyngeal
folds, intraepithelial mucous glands, abundant lymphoid infiltration and lymphatic
nodules, in addition to intraepithelial sensory corpuscles. Numerous compound tubular mucous
sphenopterygoid salivary glands were observed in the mucosa of the pharyngeal roof. This study
in conclusion provided comprehensive information on the structure of the pharyngeal roof of
the turkey, comparing these findings with those of other birds