This study was carried out on 200 primary infertile men ( 140 with. clinical varicocele and
60 without varicocele). All cases were subjected to scrotal ultrasonographic measurement of vein caliber in the pampiniform plexus. Ultrasonography proved superior to physical examination in terms of sensitivity and specificity. The incidence of bilateral varicocele by ultrasonography was 821140 (58.6%) as compared to that found clinically 82/140 (22.85%). Also it was found that left testicular volume was statistically significant less than right testicular volume in. infertile men with. clinical and subclinical left varicocele. The same findings were detected in bilateral clinical and bilateral subclinical varicoceles. Also ultrasonography showed that the mean difference between right and left testicular volume was lower in fertile men without varicocele than in either fertile or infertile men with left varicocele. However, the mean difference beween right and left testicular volume infertile and infertile men with varicocele was similar, suggesting that the reduction of testicular volume is not predictive of fertility.