Nutrition
Definition:
To nourish.
Means all the processes whereby food & oxygen are presented to &utilized by living cells, and waste products are eliminated!.
*The French chemist Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794) is referred to as the founder of the science of nutrition. He established the chemical basis of nutrition in his famous respiration experiment carried out before the French Revolution. His studies led him to state .Life is a chemical process.Thereafter, chemistry became an important tool in nutrition studies.
Feed management is managing the quantity of nutrients fed to livestock and poultry for their intended purpose. This involves development of diets that supply the quantity of available nutrients required by livestock and poultry for maintenance, production, performance, and reproduction.
Steps
“Procurement” Ingestion » Digestion » Absorption » Assimilation » Metabolic
functions& resulting metabolites.“Excretion”.
Nutrients:
1) Six main nutrients:
- a) Water - Often overlooked and not considered as a nutrient when formulating diets for animals, but extremely important.
- b) Carbohydrates - Definition? Hydrates of carbon formed by combining CO2 &H2O (photosynthesis). The primary component found in animal feeds.
- c) Protein - Found in the highest concentration of any nutrient (except water) in all living organisms and animals. All cells synthesize proteins, and life couldnot exist without protein synthesis.
- d) Lipids - Organic compounds that are characterized by the fact that they areinsoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvent (acetone, ether, etc.)
- e) Minerals - Inorganic, solid, crystalline chemical elements that cannot bedecomposed or synthesized by chemical reactions.
- f) Vitamins - Organic substances that are required by animal tissues in very smallamounts.
2) Indispensable nutrients:
Those cannot be synthesized in the body from other substances, or thosecannot be synthesized fast enough to meet its needs.Thus, must be supplied from the diet!
3) Dispensable nutrients:
Those can be synthesized from other substances in sufficient quantity to meet its needs. But, still very important!
4) Use of the term, .Essential or Non-Essential Nutrient. for amino acids, minerals, and vitamins?
