.jpg)
Difference Between Insulin and Glucagon
What is Insulin?
Definition of Insulin:
Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in response to high levels of sugar in the blood.
Molecular structure of of Insulin:
Insulin is made of amino acids and consists of two chains named an A chain and a B chain, that are joined together by sulfur bonds. Insulin is produced from a proinsulin hormone that actually has three amino acid chains. An enzyme modifies the hormone in such a way that only the A and B chain remains to form insulin.
Trigger for secretion:
The secretion of insulin is mainly triggered by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) in the arterial blood. Some types of fatty acids, keto acids, and amino acids can also trigger insulin secretion. As blood sugar levels decrease so the levels of insulin decrease, ensuring that no more insulin is secreted than is necessary.
Effects of secretion:
Insulin has the effect of causing the uptake of glucose into fatty tissue (adipose) and stimulating the uptake of fatty acids. Insulin also stimulates the uptake of glucose into the liver and into the muscle. In muscle tissue and in liver tissue the glucose is converted into glycogen in the process of glycogenesis. Glycogen is how glucose is stored in the human body. Insulin stops the breakdown of glycogen in the liver and stops the formation and release of glucose into the bloodstream. Insulin really triggers the uptake of glucose into the tissues and thus results in a lowering of blood sugar levels.
Abnormalities:
Diabetes is an illness in which there are problems related to insulin. In type 1 diabetes insulin is not released while in type 2 diabetes the insulin is produced but cells no longer respond to the insulin. Diabetics may have to take insulin injections to compensate for a lack of insulin.
Read more: Difference Between Insulin and Glucagon | Difference Between http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-insulin-and-glucagon/#ixzz5VULVwYad
Difference Between Insulin and Glucagon
What is Insulin?
Definition of Insulin:
Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in response to high levels of sugar in the blood.
Molecular structure of of Insulin:
Insulin is made of amino acids and consists of two chains named an A chain and a B chain, that are joined together by sulfur bonds. Insulin is produced from a proinsulin hormone that actually has three amino acid chains. An enzyme modifies the hormone in such a way that only the A and B chain remains to form insulin.
Trigger for secretion:
The secretion of insulin is mainly triggered by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) in the arterial blood. Some types of fatty acids, keto acids, and amino acids can also trigger insulin secretion. As blood sugar levels decrease so the levels of insulin decrease, ensuring that no more insulin is secreted than is necessary.
Effects of secretion:
Insulin has the effect of causing the uptake of glucose into fatty tissue (adipose) and stimulating the uptake of fatty acids. Insulin also stimulates the uptake of glucose into the liver and into the muscle. In muscle tissue and in liver tissue the glucose is converted into glycogen in the process of glycogenesis. Glycogen is how glucose is stored in the human body. Insulin stops the breakdown of glycogen in the liver and stops the formation and release of glucose into the bloodstream. Insulin really triggers the uptake of glucose into the tissues and thus results in a lowering of blood sugar levels.
Abnormalities:
Diabetes is an illness in which there are problems related to insulin. In type 1 diabetes insulin is not released while in type 2 diabetes the insulin is produced but cells no longer respond to the insulin. Diabetics may have to take insulin injections to compensate for a lack of insulin.
Read more: Difference Between Insulin and Glucagon | Difference Between http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-insulin-and-glucagon/#ixzz5VULVwYad
Difference Between Insulin and Glucagon
What is Insulin?
Definition of Insulin:
Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in response to high levels of sugar in the blood.
Molecular structure of of Insulin:
Insulin is made of amino acids and consists of two chains named an A chain and a B chain, that are joined together by sulfur bonds. Insulin is produced from a proinsulin hormone that actually has three amino acid chains. An enzyme modifies the hormone in such a way that only the A and B chain remains to form insulin.
Trigger for secretion:
The secretion of insulin is mainly triggered by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) in the arterial blood. Some types of fatty acids, keto acids, and amino acids can also trigger insulin secretion. As blood sugar levels decrease so the levels of insulin decrease, ensuring that no more insulin is secreted than is necessary.
Effects of secretion:
Insulin has the effect of causing the uptake of glucose into fatty tissue (adipose) and stimulating the uptake of fatty acids. Insulin also stimulates the uptake of glucose into the liver and into the muscle. In muscle tissue and in liver tissue the glucose is converted into glycogen in the process of glycogenesis. Glycogen is how glucose is stored in the human body. Insulin stops the breakdown of glycogen in the liver and stops the formation and release of glucose into the bloodstream. Insulin really triggers the uptake of glucose into the tissues and thus results in a lowering of blood sugar levels.
Abnormalities:
Diabetes is an illness in which there are problems related to insulin. In type 1 diabetes insulin is not released while in type 2 diabetes the insulin is produced but cells no longer respond to the insulin. Diabetics may have to take insulin injections to compensate for a lack of insulin.
Read more: Difference Between Insulin and Glucagon | Difference Between http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-insulin-and-glucagon/#ixzz5VULVwYad