Master Degree
I. Aim of Program
To provide the postgraduates with the knowledge, skills and attitudes that allows them to specialize in the field of anesthesia, ICU and pain management. The candidates should achieve satisfactory levels of basic knowledge and clinical skills in all aspects of anesthesia and ICU practice, interact with community problems and respect ethical values according to community culture. The program also aims to introduce the candidates to the basics of scientific research in the field of Anesthesia, intensive care unit and pain relief.
II. Intended Learning Outcomes of the Program (ILOs)
A. Knowledge and Understanding: By the end of the program the candidate should be able to: 1) Recognize the detailed description of the structures of the different tissues, organs and systems of specific importance to the anesthetist as the anatomy of the airway and the spinal cord. 2) Identify the surface landmarks of the great vessels suitable for vascular access as well as areas for regional nerve block. 3) Distinguish between the normal and abnormal radiological features of the skull, chest and abdomen. 4) Understand the physiological functions and mechanism of action of body systems.
5) Understand the basic general pharmachodynamics and pharmachokinetics of drugs at all age groups. 6) Describe the full details about the pharmacology of all anesthetic drugs including inhalational, intravenous, muscle relaxants and local anesthetics as well as sedatives and hypnotics. 7) Identify the mechanism of action of different drugs taken by the patient and its interaction with the anesthetic drugs. 8) Understand all medical emergencies that the anesthetist may be confronted with perioperatively or in the post operative ICU. 9) Recognize the different physical laws and its application in anesthesia practice. 10) Recognize different measuring systems and monitoring devices important for delivery of safe anesthesia. 11) Recognize the full details about the anesthesia machines. 12) Understand the basics of anesthetic management and recovery. 13) Know the basics of intensive care and high dependency care units and how to manage patients at risk. 14) Recognize how to score the traumatized patient and manage life threatening illness. 15) Understand the analgesic ladder, methods to asses the degree of pain sensation and define the different methods for acute and chronic pain relief.
B. Intellectual Skills: By the end of the program the candidate should be able to: 1) Identify the different anatomical surface markings related to anesthesia and the different areas relevant to venous or arterial access as well as chest tube insertion. 2) Interpret the normal anatomical structures on radiographs, C.T. scans and magnetic resonance images. 3) Select the proper technique of anesthesia (general, regional or local anesthesia) and identify its related complications. 4) Correlate between the clinical anesthetic interventions and the accompanying physiological responses. 5) Define the indications, contraindications, dosage and complications of drugs used for premedication, anesthesia as well as analgesics and muscle relaxants. 6) Correlate different physiological reflexes with the action responses of the different anesthetics or techniques. 7) Categorize patients according to different scoring systems (as Glasgow coma scale, ASA classification, trauma scale). 8) Describe the required preoperative investigations according to the medical status and the surgical procedure. 9) Interpret data relevant to the clinical setting e.g. respiratory function tests, laboratory investigations and radiological findings. 10) Plan and decide the premedication and anesthetic technique appropriate for the patient.
11) Define the appropriate method used for maintaining a patent airway (e.g. endotracheal, laryngeal mask airway, double lumen tube….etc). 12) Determine causes of intra/postoperative complications and their management. 13) Interpret readings of the standard monitors attached to the patient (Pulse oximetry, noninvasive blood pressure, heart rate and capnography) as well as additional monitors as central venous pressure monitoring. 14) Define the pathophysiology and the management of different emergencies as shock, pulmonary embolism, arrhythmias…..etc.
C. Professional and Practical Skills: By the end of the program the candidate should be able to: 1) Recognize the medical history of the patient with special concern about common diseases (as ischemic heart disease, hypertension, DM, asthma) and how it will affect the outcome of the patient during and after surgery. 2) Perform preoperative evaluation, use the proper premedication and assess the difficulty in airway management. 3) Fulfill the preoperative sheet, choose the proper anesthetic technique and obtain the patient's consent for the anesthesia. 4) Set up anesthesia machine and its connections as well as the monitors preoperatively. 5) Establish vascular access for premedication. 6) Perform proper and safe endotracheal intubation. 7) Induce and maintain safe and appropriate levels of anesthesia during elective and emergency surgery and manage patient during the recovery period properly. 8) Apply and maintain different modes of ventilation in the operating theatre and ICU. 9) Fill the anesthesia record and check the discharge criteria. 10) Perform the technique of spinal, caudal and epidural anesthesia properly as well as peripheral nerve blocks. 11) Assess and manage post operative pain in different age groups by neural blockade, patient controlled analgesia….etc. 12) Recognize and manage cardiac and respiratory arrest (basic and advanced life support). 13) Assess and manage fluid balance, blood transfusion and nutritional support.
D. General and Transferable Skills: By the end of the program the candidate should be able to: 1) Communicate with the patients to gain their confidence. 2) Value the ethics; respect all individuals inside and outside the operating room and pay appropriate respect to the patient. 3) Recognize the scope and limits of their role as candidates as well as the necessity to seek and apply collaboration with other workers. 4) Be responsible towards work.
5) Maintain a professional image concerning behavior, dress and speech. 6) Appreciate team working. 7) Achieve computer skills necessary to make use of medical data bases and use the internet for communication. 8) Show leadership skills that enable them to organize work and lead the juniors and paramedical staff. 9) Understand different scientific methodologies and have critical reading abilities. 10) Write scientific articles according to the basics of scientific research. 11) Communicate with patients to take history, clinical examination and obtain consent for anesthesia. 12) Reassure the patients and explain their condition properly to alleviate their anxiety.
III. Academic Standards
External references for standards: Syllabus for FCARCSI (United Kingdom)
IV. Program Admission Requirements
According the Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Bylaws for Post Graduate Programs (July 2009), applicants should have MBBCh or equivalent degree. According to Cairo University requirements, all applicants for postgraduate studies should fulfill preliminary courses on the following subjects; Medical statistics I – English language (Toefl or equivalent degree) – Computer skills (ICDL) or equivalent computer course offered by the medical education center (MEDC). Admission to the program is open during July. Training prior to registration may be accredited according to departmental and hospital evaluation.
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