Write on:

  1. Treatment and prevention of plague.
  2. Diffusion of nutrients into the cell.
  3. Water availability.
  4. Manufacture of vinegar.
  5. Effect of oxygen on bacteria.

 

Answer with (√) or (x) for correct or incorrect statement, respectively:

  1. Polymyxin is a β- lactam antibiotic.
  2. The rifamycins are active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  3. Staphylococcus aureus can grow on high concentrations of NaCl.
  4. During active transport, energy is needed to change the affinity of the transporter.
  5. Some bacteria which are part of the normal flora acquire extra virulence factors making them pathogenic.
  6. Most of the organisms are phagocytosed by leukocytes in the human host.
  7. Calcium is one of the major elements.
  8. The sensitivity of turbidity measurements is limited to about 105 cells per ml for most bacteria.
  9. Meningitis is a one of the major complications of plague.
  10. Halotolerant bacteria live in dry environments (made dry by lack of water).
  11. During the production of vinegar, Clostridium converts ethyl alcohol to acetic   
      

 

Complete the following:

  1. ………., ……… and ……… are bacteria used for production of vinegar.
  2. Sugars are transported into the cell as ………. forms.
  3. Static agents are ………….
  4. The length of the lag phase is apparently dependent on …………., …………,
    …………... and …………..
  5. There are three forms of anthrax …………, …………... and …………..
  6. …………... are bacteria with an exclusively anaerobic type of metabolism but they are insensitive to the presence of O2.
  7. Natural penicillins are produced by ………….. and ………… while
    Chloramphenicol is produced by …………..

 I- Put (√) or (x)

  1. Mutualism association means that both members of the association benefit. (     )
  2. Gram –ve bacteria produce exotoxins. (      )
  3. Biosorption is metabolism- independent. (      )
  4. Septicaemia is caused by endotoxin. (      )
  5. Bacteria can be used to cure diabetes. (      )
  6. Acetic acid is used as a mordant. (     )                    
  7. pneumonic plague is more dangerous than bubunic plague. (     )
  8. exotoxins are more toxic than endotoxins. (     )
  9. bacteria can be used to cure cancer.                (     )
  10. E. coli is symbiotic. (     )
  11. Clostridium forms acetic acid in one step. (     )
  12. Gram +ve bacteria produce exotoxins. (     )
  13. Nitrobacter converts nitrites to nitrates. (     )
  14. Bacteria is involved in "water retting" of flax. (     )
  15. E. coli is an opportunistic pathogen. (     )

 

II- Complete

  1. Forms of anthrax disease are …………., …………… and ……………..
  2. Bioremediation takes place in two types of mechanisms: …………. and ………….
  3. Bioleaching can involve bacteria such as ……………..
  4. C6H12O6 ……………………… ›   3CH3
  5. Atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia by an enzyme called …………..
  6. Two methods are commercially ret flax for textile-grade fibers: ………. and ……….. 
  7. TB is caused by ……………… while septicaemia is caused by ………..
  8. In food industry ………… is used in coffee production and
               ………….  for chocolate.
  9. …………… and …………….. are nitrogen- fixing bacteria.
  10. Plague spreads via …………… and …………….
  11. The role of bacteria in iron bioleaching is the oxidation of ........ to
                ...................
  12. The causative agent of plague is ………….., the disease has two types:
    ………. and ……..
  13. …………. is lactic acid bacteria.
  14. Bacteria used in production of acetic acid are …………. and ………….
  15. ……………. type of bioremediation is metabolism- independent.
  16. Cholerae toxin consists of ....... subunit A and ...... subunit B.
  17. Thiobacillus is used in bio leaching of .............