Anti Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein belonging to the family of transforming growth factor-beta. The molecule has evolved in the last few decades for the assessment of ovarian reserve in females. Additionally this hormone has been found to be useful in predicting the success of in-vitro fertilization, marker of polycystic ovarian syndrome, granulosa cell tumor of ovary and prediction of premature ovarian failure. This article will help the consultant gynecologist to use this novel hormone in these clinical situations.
Anti Mullerian Hormone (AMH) was first mentioned in literature as a reference to a protein formed in the
testes of mammals including man and was different from testosterone. This protein was causing
regression of the Mullerian ducts and hence was named ‘Mullerian Inhibiting substance’.1 This novel
molecule has undergone large amount of research and number of uses in gynecology have been evolved in the recent years. It was initially used as a marker of ovarian reserve and subsequently has found to be
useful in prediction of fertility, polycystic ovarian syndrome, marker for granulosa cell tumors and other
uses.
AMH Characteristics
AMH as a marker of ovarian reserve:
AMH in assisted reproduction:
AMH as a marker of menopause:
AMH and PCOS:
AMH as a tumor marker:
AMH and Obesity:
AMH in Males:
Conclusion:
AMH levels in the healthy females decline gradually with age and reach non-measurable levels after
attaining menopause. This review will help the practicing gynecologist to utilize this novel hormone
for in an array of endocrinolgical situations. Use of this target specific hormone can be an economical
advantage also.