Abstract India is bestowed with vast livestock wealth and
it is growing at the rate of 6% per annum. The contribution
of livestock industry including poultry and fish is increasing
substantially in GDP of country which accounts for
>40% of total agricultural sector and >12% of GDP. This
contribution would have been much greater had the animal
by-products been also efficiently utilized. Efficient utilization
of by-products has direct impact on the economy and
environmental pollution of the country. Non-utilization or
under utilization of by-products not only lead to loss of
potential revenues but also lead to the added and increasing
cost of disposal of these products. Non-utilization of animal
by-products in a proper way may create major aesthetic and
catastrophic health problems. Besides pollution and hazard
aspects, in many cases meat, poultry and fish processing
wastes have a potential for recycling raw materials or for
conversion into useful products of higher value. Traditions,
culture and religion are often important when a meat byproduct
is being utilized for food. Regulatory requirements
are also important because many countries restrict the use
of meat by-products for reasons of food safety and quality.
By-products such as blood, liver, lung, kidney, brains,
spleen and tripe has good nutritive value. Medicinal and
pharmaceutical uses of by-product are also highlighted in
this review. Waste products from the poultry processing and
egg production industries must be efficiently dealt with as
the growth of these industries depends largely on waste
management. Treated fish waste has found many applications
among with which the most important are animal