Choose the correct answer for each of the following
- Growth hormone deficiency
- Is diagnosed by single blood sample test.
- Is treated with monthly injection of growth hormone.
- Is caused by lack of production of growth hormone by the posterior pituitary.
- Can be excluded if there is advanced bone age for chronological age.
- Is the most common cause of short stature in children below 2 years of age.
- A baby with XY karyotyping has ambiguous genitalia. The causes to consider are
- Impaired peripheral androgen metabolism.
- Pure gonadal dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome).
- Classic type of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
- Kleinfelter syndrome.
- Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
- In congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
- Production of adrenal cortisol is normal.
- There is incomplete verilization of male genitalia.
- Associated with low serum androgens level.
- Diagnosis is made by measuring serum 17-OH-progesterone level.
- Genital plastic surgery is the only required treatment.
- Concerning central precocious puberty
- Sex hormone producing gonadal tumour is usually the cause.
- Menarche is the first sign to appear in girls.
- Testicular volume is expected to be increased in boys.
- Serum FSH and LH levels are usually below normal range for age.
- Treatment with Tamoxifen is indicated in girls.
- Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus usually have
- Elevated serum C-peptide level.
- Persistently negative pancreatic islet cell autoantibodies.
- Acanthosis nigricans.
- Normal or slightly decreased Body-mass index (BMI) for age.
- Positive family history of diabetes at young age for 2 or more generations.