Background and Aim: EpCAM, also known as cluster of differentiation 326 (CD326), is a glycosylated, type I trans-membrane molecule, it is overexpressed in several types of neoplasms such as colorectal cancer and breast cancer. It is primarily identified as one of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Recently, it is considered as an emerging marker for detection of cancer stem cells (CSCs)in ... Read more

Background and aim: Chemokine receptor (CXCR)4 is a G-protein coupled receptor involved in many biological processes as inflammation, angiogenesis and immune responses. Previous researches illustrated that CXCR4 expression has been detected in many carcinomas of various origins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible prognostic value of CXCR4 in RCCs by correlating immunohistochemical expression of CXCR4 with ... Read more

Background: Meningioma is a common intracranial tumor arising from the meningothelial (arachnoid) cells. Meningiomas are divided into 15 histological subtypes and three grades, including benign (grade I), atypical (grade II) and anaplastic (grade III).It is important to correctly decide whether a meningioma isbrain-invasive or not.Tumor invasion can be described as a stepwise process involving the degradation of the extracellular matrix ... Read more

Background and Aim: VCAM-1 (CD106) expressed mainly on activated endothelial cells in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent evidences suggest that it is closely correlated with tumor formation, angiogenesis and cancer progression. The aim of the current study was to evaluate expression status of VCAM-1 in mammary invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and to correlate its expression with some known clinicopathological data. ... Read more

Background: Pterygium is one of the most commonly occurring eye diseases. It is widely regarded as a degenerative condition. Pterygium shares some similarities with tumors, as active cell proliferation.. P63, a member of the p53 gene family is a transcription factor that is crucial for the development and maintenance of stem cells in stratified epithelia. It is present in the ... Read more

Abstract Background:Ezrin is a cell membrane-cytoskeleton linker that is essential to maintain the normal cell shape and the integrity of cell-cell adhesion. Overexpression of ezrin is correlated with poor prognosis in several malignancies. Aim:To evaluate the expression of ezrin in hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrial tissues and to correlate its expression with the clinical and pathological parameters of endometrial carcinoma. Methods:Tissue ... Read more

Background: Discrete thyroid swelling is common clinical presentation with prevalence rate of 4-7% in the general population. Now fine needle aspirate cytology (FNAC) is very important technique fordiagnosis of thyroid nodules, as it is very simple, safe, less invasive technique.Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy ofFNAC inThyroid Nodules.Patients and Methods:Study carried out on patients who visited the Outpatient Clinic of General ... Read more

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant tumor in women worldwide. E-Cadherin is a calcium-dependent epithelial cell adhesion molecule that is expressed at adherens junctions. Its loss may result in a poorly differentiated tumorphenotype. Cells with mutated E-cadherin demonstrate increased motility,altered organization of their actin cytoskeletonandassociated with metastases, thereby providing evidence for its role as an invasion suppressor. Objectives:Assess the ... Read more

Background: Severity of lymphocytic infiltration to gastric mucosa is a good indicator for severity ofH.Pylori gastritisObjectives: To evaluate the lymphocytic infiltration in the gastric mucosa associated with H.Pylori infection.Patients and Method(s): This study done on 50 cases with chronic gastritis and H.Pylori were detected by using geimsa stain with evaluation of degree of lymphocytic infiltrationResults: H.Pylori infection was detected in ... Read more

Background: Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) considered as the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in the world. Eighty percent of cases are classified as primary MGN. Primary MGN is an autoimmune disease in which autoantibodies against podocyte antigens forming subepithelial immune deposits and result in NS. Autoantibodies against M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) were found in 70-80% of patients with ... Read more