Abstract:The human prostate, a male sexual accessory tissue involved in seminal fluid production, has a remarkably high incidence of hyperplastic and neoplastic disease. the present study was carried out on one hundered and twenty(120) specimens divided into two groups; group 1:Included forty cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and group 2:Included sixty cases ofprostatic adenocarcinoma (PC) (22 were low grade;GS: 2-6 and 38 were high grade; GS: 7-10), in addition to twenty cases of histologically normal prostate taken as control. Immunohistochmeical technoque was applied to detect Bcl-2 as well as ER α positivity in all specimens . Group 1showed the following profile: ER α(+) in all caese (100%), Bcl-2(-)in 95%, ER α(+)/Bcl-2(+)in 95%, ER ,α(-)/Bcl-2+) in 0%,ERα+)/BCl-2-) in 5% and ERα(-)/Bcl-2(-) in 0% of caseswhile group 2showed the followingprofile:ERα(+) in 30 %, Bcl-2(+) in 21.7%, ERα(+) /Bcl-2(+) in 15 %, ERα, ERα(-)/Bcl-2(+) in 6.7%, ERα(+)/ Bcl-2(-) in 15%and ERα(-)/Bcl-2(-) in 70 % of cases.The mean epithelial ERα immunolabeling was, however, significantly increased in group 2 than in group 1 (O<0.05) which, in turn, being highr than normalcases (P<0.05). Among group 2, than the mean ERα immunolabelling was significantly more in high grade than in low gradetumours (P<0.05), however , the mean ERαimmunolabelling revealed no significant corerelation with T stage (P=0.219) or with the clinical stage (P=391). In contrast, the BCl-2 immunostaining was statistically higher in group 1 than in group 2 (P<0.)5) and showed a significant corelation with Tstage(P<0.).05) although the studydisplyed no significant correlation betwen BCl-2immunopostivity and either GLeasn score(P=).391). in contrastthe BCl-2immunostainig was stastitically higher in in group 1 than in in group 2 (P<0.05) nad showed a significant corelation with T stage(P<0.05) aalyjough the study displayed no significant corelation between Bcl-2 immunopostivity and either Gleason score(P=0.125) or the histologic grade(p=0.146)) In addition, combinedErα(+)/Bcl-2(+) immunoreactivity demonstrated the agrresive subgroup of PC cases more accurately tahn either ERα(+)/Bcl-2(+)immunoreactivity demonstrated the agrresive subgroup of PC cases more accuratly than either ERα (+) or Bcl-2 (+) alone.
Finally multivarient analysis showed thatthe Bcl-2, proved to be an independant prognostic indicator (P<0.05). Thus, the immunohhistochmeical expression of ERα and Bcl-2 protien in prostatic tissue may aid in better understanding the biology and genesis of both prostatic hyperpalasia and carcinoma