INTRODUCTION: Although the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are the first-line oral agents for erectile dysfunction (ED) treatment, there is growing number of PDE5i- non responder patients. Management of those patients is challenging and one of the new suggested regenerative therapies is the hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). HBOT is the application of oxygen under pressure to increase tissue oxygen levels. Few ... Read more

Background: Female Pattern Hair Loss (FPHL), also known as female androgenetic alopecia (AGA), is the leading cause of hair loss in adult women, with a significant impact on patients' quality of life. It develops from progressive follicle thinning, which leads to a decrease in hair density, resulting in non-scarring widespread alopecia with distinct clinical, dermoscopic, and histological patterns. The lack ... Read more

Vitiligoisadisfiguringdiseaseaffectingskinandmucousmembranes causingsocialstigma.CharacterisedbyMilkyWhitepatches,duetoloss ofmelanocytes.Itremainsunclearwhatcausesdamageordeathtothe melanocytes,therearemanypotentialpathophysiologicaltheories involvingautoimmune,neural,autocytotoxic,biochemical,oxidative stress,melanocytorrhagy,anddecreasedmelanocytesurvival hypotheses. Theexactmechanism ofactionofPRPinvitiligoisstillunknown.The beneficialeffectofPRPinvitiligocouldbesuggestedthroughthese growthfactorswhichstimulatekeratinocytesandfibroblastsproliferation withsubsequentimprovementoftheirinteractionwithmelanocytes leadingtothestabilizationofmelanocytes. 2 Conclusion Vitiligoisacommondistressingdiseasewithsocialandpsychological effects,newmodalitiesoftreatmenthavebeenintroducedwithpromising effectofPRP,combinedwithothertreatments Read more

Azoospermia can stem from either an obstructive issue or a non-obstructive problem originating in the testes. Distinguishing between these two root causes relies on clinical evaluation of testis size and consistency, hormone testing of FSH levels, and genetic analysis looking at chromosomes, Y chromosome microdeletions, and genes involved in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. NOA encompasses both primary testicular failure where sperm production ... Read more

Azoospermiacouldbeeithernonobstructiveazoospermia(NOA)orobstructive azoospermia (OA).Clinical assessment (testis consistency&volume),laboratory testing(FSH),andgenetictesting (karyotype, Y chromosome microdeletion,orspecificgenetic testing for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) are used to distinguish NOA (which includes primaryand secondarytesticular failure)from OA.Thetreatment of NOA is still empirical. For hypogonadotropichypogonadism, gonadotropintherapyistheonly particular indication that consistently improves semen analysisandratesofconception. Thetypicaltreatmentconsists of gonadotropins (hCG and rFSH) combined, with GnRH therapy maintained for non-responders. Although there is apaucity of level ... Read more

Purpose: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a common, but complex problem, with multiple therapeutic options and a lack of clear guidelines. Hence, there is considerable controversy and marked variation in the management of NOA. This survey evaluates contemporary global practices related to medical and surgical management for patients with NOA. Materials and Methods: A 56-question online survey covering various aspects of ... Read more

Purpose: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) represents the persistent absence of sperm in ejaculate without obstruction, stemming from diverse disease processes. This survey explores global practices in NOA diagnosis, comparing them with guidelines and offering expert recommendations. Materials and Methods: A 56-item questionnaire survey on NOA diagnosis and management was conducted globally from July to September 2022. This paper focuses on part ... Read more

Background Psoriasis is a common and complex multifactorial disease, in which both genetic and extrinsic factors contribute to activating an immunological reaction. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of Egyptian psoriatic patients in Sohag, Upper Egypt. Patients and methods This study was a cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted on 200 Egyptian psoriatic patients. All the ... Read more

Background: Tadalafil is a PDE-5 (phosphodiesterase inhibitor) inhibitor that supports endogenous nitric oxide's vasodilatory actions and aids in erection maintenance. The penile duplex has proven to be very useful for imaging superficial structures and for determining the reasons of erectile dysfunction (ED). Objectives: To assess the effect of daily oral tadalafil 5mg for 3 months on penile duplex parameters in ... Read more

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is defined as the use of oxygen under pressure to increase oxygen levels in different tissues. Nowadays, HBOT is recommended as single therapy or in combination with other medical treatments like surgery or medicine for specific diseases. HBOT has a number of applications in emergency situations such carbon monoxide poisoning, envenomation from spider and snake bites, ... Read more